![\"QQ20151026125447\"](\"http:\/\/www.chinado.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/QQ20151026125447-240x300.png\")
<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\u7684\u54c8\u8036\u514b\u66fe\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u89c4\u5236\u571f\u5730\uff08regulate land\uff09\u3002\u201d\u4ece\u5b9e\u8df5\u770b\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u5e02\u573a\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5404\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7ba1\u5236\u6700\u591a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\u30022002\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u666e\u67e5\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8bb2\u5230\u5168\u7f8e\u56fd\u5171\u6709\u7ea63.9\u4e07\u4e2a\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u79c1\u4eba\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u65bd\u52a0\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff08\u5dde\u4ee5\u4e0b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u9650\u5236\u6743\u529b\u6700\u5927\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8054\u90a6\u653f\u5e9c\u300150\u4e2a\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u30013034\u4e2a\u53bf\u653f\u5e9c\uff08county government\uff09\u8fd8\u670919431\u4e2a\u5e02\u653f\u5e9c\uff08municipal\u00a0 government\uff09\u548c16506\u4e2a\u9547\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\uff08township government\uff09\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5206\u533a\uff08zoning\uff09\u548c\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\uff08land use regulations\uff09\u5386\u53f2\u60a0\u4e45\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53ea\u6709\u4f11\u65af\u987f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u533a\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u7f8e\u56fd\u57ce\u5e02\u90fd\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u5206\u533a\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u8fd9\u9879\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u521d\u8877\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u5de5\u4e1a\u6587\u660e\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u5bf9\u4f20\u7edf\u519c\u4e1a\u3001\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4fb5\u8680\u751a\u81f3\u7834\u574f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u8981\u6c42\u4f4f\u5b85\u533a\u3001\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u5728\u540e\u6765\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u793e\u4f1a\u91cc\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7e41\u6742\uff0c\u5bf9\u5355\u4e2a\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u5360\u5730\u9762\u79ef\u3001\u5bb9\u79ef\u7387\u3001\u7a7a\u5730\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7b49\u90fd\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u8fd8\u8ddf\u516c\u5171\u4f4f\u623f\u653f\u7b56\uff08affordable housing\uff09\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u6761\u6b3e\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u201c\u4f4f\u5b85\u533a\u5185\u5fc5\u987b\u5174\u5efa\u4e00\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u516c\u5171\u4f4f\u623f\u201d\u7b49\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u4ece2000\u5e74\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u53cd\u601d\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8d70\u5f97\u592a\u8fdc\u4e86\u201d\u3002\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u5bf9\u63a8\u9ad8\u7f8e\u56fd\u623f\u4ef7\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e8c\u6c27\u5316\u78b3\u6392\u653e\u91cf\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e2d\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\u6027\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u5404\u7c7b\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u878d\u5408\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fd8\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u8ddf\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u201c\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u201d\u662f\u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u7ef4\u6301\u9ad8\u6536\u5165\u7fa4\u4f53\u548c\u5df2\u5f00\u53d1\u571f\u5730\u548c\u4f4f\u623f\u7684\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u6e38\u8bf4\uff08lobbying\uff09\u5f53\u5730\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5f53\u5730\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e25\u683c\u7e41\u6742\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u4f4f\u623f\u8d22\u4ea7\u7684\u5347\u503c\u548c\u201c\u4f18\u7f8e\u73af\u5883\u201d\u7684\u72ec\u4eab\u3002\u5bf9\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7b14\u8005\u51c6\u5907\u5206\u4e24\u7bc7\u5199\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u662f\u68b3\u7406\u7f8e\u56fd\u5206\u533a\u548c\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u7531\u6765\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7bc7\u662f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7f8e\u56fd\u73b0\u6709\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u623f\u4ef7\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u7b49\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u8c01\u662f\u73b0\u6709\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u83b7\u76ca\u8005\uff0c\u8c01\u662f\u53d7\u635f\u8005\u7b49\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7f8e\u56fd\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u662f\u5404\u7ea7\u6cd5\u9662\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u8054\u90a6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5404\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5212\u5206\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u5404\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u6848\u4f8b\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c17\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u671f\u52301926\u5e74\uff0c\u662f\u571f\u5730\u5206\u533a\u5236\u5ea6\u6b63\u5f0f\u786e\u7acb\u524d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u519c\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u548c\u524d\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u793e\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u5730\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u6709\u6743\u5bf9\u8352\u5e9f\u7684\u6216\u8005\u4ea7\u51fa\u6548\u7387\u8fbe\u4e0d\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u519c\u6751\u571f\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u8d4e\u56de\u3001\u6bcf\u516c\u9877\u571f\u5730\u4e0d\u80fd\u79cd\u690d\u8d85\u8fc7\u591a\u5c11\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u70df\u8349\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b66\u8005\u54c8\u7279\uff08Hart\uff09\u7cfb\u7edf\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u6b96\u6c11\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\u540e\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u6743\u5a01\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u201c\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u5177\u6709\u9632\u706b\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6c34\u6ce5\u201d\u3001\u201c\u53d7\u6c61\u67d3\u7684\u571f\u5730\u5229\u7528\u8981\u79bb\u57ce\u5e02\u591a\u5c11\u8ddd\u79bb\u201d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u7684\u690d\u88ab\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49\u505a\u51fa\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u8d39\u57ce\u57281700\u5e74\u5c31\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5404\u4f4f\u5b85\u533a\u6bcf\u9694\u516b\u82f1\u5c3a\u8981\u79cd\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u68f5\u6811\u3002\u4f46\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u89c4\u5212\uff08land planning\uff09\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u4ea7\u6743\u8005\u6784\u6210\u592a\u591a\u9650\u5236\uff0c1785\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u897f\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u571f\u5730\u5904\u7f6e\u7684\u7ba1\u5236\u529e\u6cd5\u300b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u89c4\u5212\u8005\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u52d8\u6d4b\u3001\u5206\u5272\u3001\u62cd\u5356\u7b49\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u662f\u201c\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u201d\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ece18\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u671f\u4e00\u76f4\u523019\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u519c\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u5229\u7528\uff08pro-development\uff09\u3002\u5230\u4e8619\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7387\u5148\u5f3a\u5316\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u548c\u571f\u5730\u7ba1\u5236\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u57281820\u5e74\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u5bf9\u516c\u5171\u5893\u5730\u3001\u76d1\u72f1\u3001\u62d8\u7559\u6240\u7684\u533a\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u67d0\u51e0\u5757\u533a\u5757\u5185\u5206\u5e03\u30021887\u5e74\uff0c\u8054\u90a6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u53d7\u7406\u4e86\u9a6c\u683c\u52d2\u8d77\u8bc9\u582a\u8428\u65af\u5dde\uff08Mugler v. Kansas\uff09\u6848\uff0c\u8d77\u56e0\u662f1880\u5e74\u582a\u8428\u65af\u5dde\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u5dde\u5baa\u6cd5\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u9664\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u533b\u836f\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7b49\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u9152\u7cbe\u7c7b\u996e\u6599\u90fd\u7981\u6b62\u5728\u672c\u5dde\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u9500\u552e\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u57281877\u5e74\u9a6c\u683c\u52d2\u5c31\u82b1\u8d391\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u5efa\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5564\u9152\u5382\uff0c1881\u5e74\u51c6\u5907\u6295\u4ea7\u3002\u4f461880\u5e74\u7684\u6cd5\u6848\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4ed6\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u9500\u552e\u5564\u9152\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u6295\u8d44\u635f\u5931\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u5dde\u5baa\u6cd5\u4ece\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u67d0\u4e9b\u5236\u9020\u884c\u4e1a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5dde\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u884c\u4f7f\u8b66\u5bdf\u6743\u7ba1\u5236\uff08police power regulations\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8865\u507f\u6027\u7684\u5f81\u6536\uff08compensable takings\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u4e1a\u548c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5e03\u5c40\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 1909\u5e74\uff0c\u6d1b\u6749\u77f6\u5e02\u6700\u65e9\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u571f\u5730\u5206\u533a\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff08zoning board\uff09\u30021916\u5e74\uff0c\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u5236\u6cd5\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u571f\u5730\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u7684\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3001\u7528\u5730\u8303\u56f4\u4ee5\u53ca\u4eba\u53e3\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7b49\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u533a\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u91cd\u70b9\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u533a\u91cc\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u533a\u30021916\u301c1922\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u5404\u5dde\u5e02\u90fd\u51fa\u53f0\u4e86\u672c\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u5236\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5404\u5730\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e0d\u4e00\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u4e00\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4fdd\u7559\u5546\u5e97\uff0c\u65b0\u6cfd\u897f\u5dde\u7b49\u5c31\u6301\u76f8\u53cd\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002\u4e3a\u7edf\u4e00\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u5236\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5546\u52a1\u90e8\u57281922\u5e74\u9881\u5e03\u4e86\u300a\u6807\u51c6\u5206\u533a\u6cd5\u300b\uff08Standard State Zoning Enabling Act\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u7528\u9014\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5e03\u5c40\u3001\u7a7a\u5730\u8303\u56f4\u7b49\u505a\u51fa\u7edf\u4e00\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 1926\u5e74\u8054\u90a6\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9Ambler\u516c\u53f8\u8d77\u8bc9\u4fc4\u4ea5\u4fc4\u5dde\u7684\u6b27\u51e0\u91cc\u5fb7\uff08Euclid\uff09\u6751\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u571f\u5730\u5206\u533a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6b63\u5f53\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\u3002\u5f53\u65f6Ambler\u516c\u53f8\u62e5\u6709\u6751\u954768\u82f1\u4ea9\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u6751\u9547\u4ece\u7ef4\u6301\u5f53\u5730\u751f\u6001\u98ce\u8c8c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\uff0c\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7\u571f\u5730\u5206\u533a\u529e\u6cd5\u6765\u6291\u5236\u5de5\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u628a\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u4e3a\u516d\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5229\u7528\u533a\u57df\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u4e2a\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0cAmbler\u516c\u53f8\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u571f\u5730\u533a\u57df\u6b63\u597d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u975e\u5de5\u4e1a\u533a\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u641e\u5de5\u4e1a\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u571f\u5730\u4ef7\u503c\u5927\u5e45\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u5c31\u8d77\u8bc9\u6751\u9547\u7684\u5206\u533a\u5236\u5ea6\u6ca1\u6709\u7ecf\u8fc7\u201c\u6b63\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u201d\uff08due process\uff09\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u548c\u8d22\u4ea7\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u635f\u5bb3\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u4e88\u4ee5\u201c\u516c\u6b63\u8865\u507f\u201d\uff08just compensation\uff09\u3002\u4e0b\u7ea7\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u662fAmbler\u516c\u53f8\u80dc\u8bc9\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6751\u9547\u7684\u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u5236\u6761\u4f8b\uff08zoning ordinance\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u5f81\u6536\u201d\uff08taking de facto\uff09\uff0c\u516c\u53f8\u4e0d\u7528\u9075\u5b88\u7ba1\u5236\u6761\u4f8b\u3002\u4f46\u8054\u90a6\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u4e0b\u7ea7\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7406\u7531\u662f\uff0cAmbler\u516c\u53f8\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u63a8\u6d4b\u548c\u5047\u8bbe\u6765\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u8d22\u4ea7\u53d7\u5230\u635f\u5bb3\u201d\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u6751\u9547\u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u5236\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8b66\u5bdf\u6743\u7684\u4e0d\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u672c\u8eab\u8fdb\u884c\u5f81\u6536\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u80fd\u6784\u6210\u201c\u5f81\u6536\u201d\uff08takings\uff09\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u5236\u5177\u6709\u6b63\u5f53\u548c\u5408\u7406\u6027\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5f53\u65f6\u5206\u533a\u8fd8\u53ea\u662f\u4e2a\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u662f\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u4ece\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u7528\u9014\u8fdb\u884c\u4e8b\u5148\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9\u5206\u533a\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u6cd5\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e8c\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5bf9Nectow v.city of Cambridge\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u5251\u6865\u5e02\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u7528\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u7528\u9014\u7684\u9650\u5236\u662f\u4e0d\u5408\u9002\u7684\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u79cd\u9650\u5236\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4fc3\u8fdb\u516c\u5171\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u4fbf\u5229\u548c\u666e\u904d\u7684\u798f\u5229\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5206\u533a\u5236\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5de8\u5927\u6210\u529f\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u6b63\u7ecf\u5386\u5feb\u901f\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u5316\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u571f\u5730\u5206\u533a\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u5de5\u4e1a\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u533a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u9760\u8fd1\u4f4f\u5b85\u533a\uff0c\u5c45\u6c11\u4ece\u81ea\u8eab\u5065\u5eb7\u3001\u5c45\u4f4f\u9002\u5b9c\u6027\u7b49\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u90fd\u8d5e\u6210\u5206\u533a\u5236\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u7f8e\u56fd\u571f\u5730\u8d44\u6e90\u4e30\u5bcc\u548c\u6c7d\u8f66\u7b49\u65b0\u578b\u4ea4\u901a\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u7f13\u89e3\u4e86\u5206\u533a\u5236\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u8ddd\u79bb\u6269\u5927\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa20\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u57ce\u90ca\u533a\u57df\u53d1\u5c55\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u4e0a\u5c42\u9636\u7ea7\u9003\u79bb\u62e5\u6324\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u57ce\u533a\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u57ce\u90ca\u533a\u57df\u5c45\u4f4f\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u57ce\u90ca\u533a\u57df\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bcc\u4eba\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u7528\u811a\u6295\u7968\u201d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u6e38\u8bf4\u5f53\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u91c7\u53d6\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u5236\uff0c\u4fdd\u62a4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u73af\u5883\u548c\u623f\u5c4b\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0d\u8d2c\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u5206\u533a\u5236\u53d7\u5230\u666e\u904d\u6b22\u8fce\u548c\u652f\u6301\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c1926\u5e74\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u662f\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u62d3\u5c55\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u4e30\u5bcc\u6df1\u5316\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5206\u533a\u5236\u9010\u6b65\u4ece\u4fc3\u8fdb\u571f\u5730\u5229\u7528\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u53d8\u4e3a\u7ef4\u62a4\u65e2\u6709\u571f\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u5de5\u5177\u30021928\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5546\u52a1\u90e8\u51fa\u53f0\u4e86\u300a\u57ce\u5e02\u89c4\u5212\u6807\u51c6\u6cd5\u300b\uff08Standard City Planning Enabling Act\uff09\uff0c\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e861922\u5e74\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u6807\u51c6\u5206\u533a\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u628a\u5206\u533a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5730\u533a\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u89c4\u5212\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u5f3a\u8c03\u5404\u5730\u89c4\u5212\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5404\u5730\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u81ea\u884c\u9009\u62e9\uff08optional rather than mandatory\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5206\u533a\u53ea\u662f\u5b9e\u65bd\u89c4\u5212\u7684\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u7c7b\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u5bf9\u571f\u5730\u3001\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u4ef7\u683c\u4ea7\u751f\u6839\u672c\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u793e\u4f1a\u516c\u4f17\u66f4\u5173\u6ce8\u5206\u533a\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u89c4\u5b9a\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u89c4\u5212\u4f53\u7cfb\u30021942\u5e74\uff0c\u897f\u8499\u6848\uff08Simon v. Town of Needham\uff09\u7684\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u662f\u57ce\u9547\u6709\u65e0\u6743\u529b\u4f5c\u51fa\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u57df\u5185\u7684\u4f4f\u623f\u6700\u4f4e\u9762\u79ef\u662f\u4e00\u82f1\u4ea9\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5224\u51b3\u7ed3\u679c\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u89d2\u5ea6\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u57ce\u9547\u6709\u6743\u529b\u5728\u5206\u533a\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u65bd\u52a0\u6700\u4f4e\u5efa\u7b51\u9762\u79ef\uff08minimum lots size\uff09\u7684\u9650\u5236\u3002\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1944\u5e74\u7684\u675c\u5185\u5fb7\uff08Dundee Realty Co.v. City of Omaha\uff09\u6848\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u65bd\u52a0\u6700\u4f4e\u697c\u623f\u9762\u79ef\uff08minimum floor size\uff09\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u672c\u533a\u57df\u7684\u4f4f\u623f\u4f9b\u5e94\u91cf\uff0c\u5bf9\u4f4f\u623f\u4ef7\u683c\u4ea7\u751f\u8f83\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8001\u57ce\u5e02\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f00\u59cb\u51fa\u73b0\u5927\u91cf\u7834\u65e7\u5efa\u7b51\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u6cbb\u7406\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u201c\u8d2b\u6c11\u7a9f\u201d\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u73af\u5883\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c1945\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u7279\u533a\u7684\u300a\u57ce\u5e02\u66f4\u65b0\u300b\u6cd5\u4ee4\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u65bd\u57ce\u5e02\u66f4\u65b0\u8ba1\u5212\u53ef\u4ee5\u884c\u4f7f\u5f81\u5730\u6743\uff08eminent domain\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u571f\u5730\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u533a\u30021954\u5e74\u4f2f\u66fc\u5c3c\u6848\uff08Berman v. Parker\uff09\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4fc3\u8fdb\u57ce\u5e02\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5bf9\u8001\u65e7\u5c0f\u533a\u7684\u571f\u5730\u5b9e\u65bd\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u533a\u3002\u6309\u7167\u300a\u57ce\u5e02\u66f4\u65b0\u300b\u6cd5\uff0c\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u62c6\u9664\u57ce\u5e02\u8001\u65e7\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f2f\u66fc\u5c3c\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8d2b\u6c11\u7a9f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5728\u5f81\u6536\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f2f\u66fc\u5c3c\u8d77\u8bc9\u5f53\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u6ee5\u7528\u201c\u5f81\u5730\u6743\u201d\u3002\u5728\u4e0b\u7ea7\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u4f2f\u66fc\u5c3c\u80dc\u8bc9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c1954\u5e74\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\u4f2f\u66fc\u5c3c\u8d25\u8bc9\uff0c\u7406\u7531\u662f\u201c\u5982\u679c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u571f\u5730\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u88ab\u5141\u8bb8\u62d2\u7edd\u57ce\u5e02\u66f4\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u516c\u5171\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u5c31\u96be\u4ee5\u63a8\u8fdb\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3a\u5b9e\u65bd\u57ce\u5e02\u66f4\u65b0\u6539\u9020\u9879\u76ee\u3001\u5bf9\u5f85\u6539\u9020\u533a\u57df\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u533a\u4ee5\u53ca\u65bd\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u7684\u6743\u529b\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5404\u5730\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u66f4\u65b0\u8fdb\u5165\u9ad8\u6f6e\u671f\uff0c\u8ddf1954\u5e74\u4f2f\u66fc\u5c3c\u6cd5\u7684\u5224\u51b3\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5206\u533a\u5236\u5ea6\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u201c\u4e8c\u6218\u201d\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fc5\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u516c\u5171\u8bbe\u65bd\u6539\u9020\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u523020\u4e16\u7eaa60\u300170\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u9886\u57df\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u201c\u9759\u6084\u6084\u7684\u9769\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u5404\u4e2a\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u51fa\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6291\u5236\u8fc7\u5ea6\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u52a8\u673a\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u628a\u5dde\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5404\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u6743\u529b\u6536\u4e0a\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u589e\u957f\u7ba1\u7406\uff08growth management\uff09\u548c\u7cbe\u660e\u589e\u957f\u9879\u76ee\uff08smart growth programs\uff09\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u623f\u4ef7\u9ad8\u7684\u533a\u57df\u53d1\u8d77\u4e86\u201c\u589e\u957f\u63a7\u5236\u8fd0\u52a8\u201d\uff08growth control movement\uff09\uff0c\u5236\u6b62\u5728\u9ad8\u623f\u4ef7\u533a\u57df\u5174\u5efa\u8fc7\u591a\u4f4f\u623f\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4f9b\u4e2d\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u5bb6\u5ead\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u516c\u5171\u4f4f\u623f\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u8981\u6c42\u623f\u5c4b\u5f00\u53d1\u5546\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u914d\u5957\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5efa\u8bbe\u5e76\u7ecf\u5f53\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u9a8c\u6536\u5408\u683c\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u62ff\u5230\u623f\u5c4b\u5efa\u9020\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\uff08permits\uff09\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u5174\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u4f4f\u623f\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u573a\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u906d\u9047\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\u6709\u8272\u4eba\u79cd\u534f\u4f1a\u7684\u653b\u51fb\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u201c\u5206\u533a\u5236\u662f\u6b67\u89c6\u7a77\u4eba\u3001\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u548c\u8001\u4eba\u201d\u30021971\u5e74\u7f8e\u56fd\u6709\u8272\u4eba\u79cd\u5168\u56fd\u534f\u4f1a\u8d77\u8bc9\u52b3\u62c9\u5c14\u9547\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff08Mt.Laurel Township v. NAACP\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u62d6\u52301975\u5e74\uff0c\u624d\u7531\u65b0\u6cfd\u897f\u5dde\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5224\u51b3\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u201c\u5728\u5206\u533a\u7ba1\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u4e13\u95e8\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e00\u5b9a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u4e2d\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u5bb6\u5ead\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u57df\u201d\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u5174\u5efa\u9ad8\u5c42\u5c0f\u533a\uff0c\u5e76\u653e\u677e\u623f\u5c4b\u533a\u57df\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u9762\u79ef\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u9762\u79ef\u9650\u5236\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u9879\u89c4\u5b9a\u540e\u6765\u57fa\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u5546\u90fd\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u770b\u5230\u533a\u57df\u5185\u623f\u4ef7\u4e0b\u8dcc\u3002\u540e\u6765\u65b0\u6cfd\u897f\u5dde\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u57281983\u5e74\u53c8\u91cd\u65b0\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u4f9b\u4e2d\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u5bb6\u5ead\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u4f4f\u623f\u533a\u57df\u5fc5\u987b\u5360\u5230\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u768420%\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4f01\u4e1a\u5fc5\u987b\u5174\u5efa\u8d77\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u4e0a\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4f\u623f\u5957\u6570\u7684120%\u3002\u4f46\u53c8\u906d\u5230\u793e\u533a\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u62b5\u5236\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u5b9e\u5728\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u65b0\u6cfd\u897f\u5dde\u57281986\u5e74\u53ea\u80fd\u5efa\u7acb\u516c\u5171\u4f4f\u623f\u5c40\uff08department of affordable house\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c1a\u672a\u5f00\u53d1\u6216\u6b63\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5185\u5174\u5efa\u5927\u91cf\u516c\u5171\u4f4f\u623f\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u5728\u90a3\u4e9b\u5df2\u5f00\u53d1\u533a\u57df\u5174\u5efa\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u7ef4\u6301\u4e86\u65e2\u6709\u571f\u5730\u62e5\u6709\u8005\u548c\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u683c\u5c40\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u56fa\u5316\u4e86\u571f\u5730\u5206\u533a\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c20\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5dde\u4ee5\u4e0b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u571f\u5730\u5206\u533a\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\uff0c\u9010\u6b65\u53d7\u5230\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u589e\u957f\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f39\u6027\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5404\u5dde\u90fd\u666e\u904d\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u57ce\u5e02\u589e\u957f\u8fb9\u754c\uff08Urban Growth Boundary\uff0cUGB\uff09\uff0c\u5212\u5b9a\u57ce\u5e02\u672a\u676510\u5e74\u300120\u5e74\u53ef\u4f9b\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u533a\u57df\u5916\u7981\u6b62\u6216\u8005\u4e25\u683c\u63a7\u5236\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4fdd\u62a4\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u3001\u907f\u514d\u57ce\u5e02\u76f2\u76ee\u65e0\u6548\u6269\u5f20\u3002\u4e3a\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u589e\u957f\u9879\u76ee\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u8981\u6c42\u5f00\u53d1\u4f01\u4e1a\u5148\u6295\u8d44\u5468\u8fb9\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u571f\u5730\u5229\u7528\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6295\u8d44\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4f18\u5148\u6295\u5165\u5230\u4e8b\u5148\u89c4\u5212\u597d\u7684\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u6bd4\u59821997\u5e74\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u5dde\u628a\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c4\u5212\u533a\u57df\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u8d44\u91d1\u6295\u5165\u4f18\u5148\u533a\u57df\u201d\uff08priority funding areas\uff09\uff0c\u89c4\u5b9a\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6295\u8d44\u5148\u7528\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u53bb\u3002\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u571f\u5730\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u5f53\u5730\u793e\u533a\u548c\u73b0\u6709\u571f\u5730\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u963b\u788d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7528\u5206\u533a\u5236\u548c\u201c\u6700\u4f4e\u5efa\u7b51\u9762\u79ef\u201d\u7b49\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u6765\u5bf9\u6297\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5bf9\u6297\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u63a8\u9ad8\u4e86\u57ce\u5e02\u623f\u4ef7\u7684\u4e0a\u6da8\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u5411\u90ca\u533a\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u60f3\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u57ce\u5e02\u5b9e\u65bd\u66f4\u52a0\u96c6\u805a\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4eba\u53e3\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u5dde\u4ee5\u4e0b\u653f\u5e9c\u4ecd\u7136\u638c\u63e1\u7740\u571f\u5730\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u63a7\u5236\u7740\u672c\u533a\u57df\u5185\u5efa\u7b51\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\uff08permits\uff09\u7684\u53d1\u653e\u3002\u5176\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u90e8\u53ef\u5229\u7528\u571f\u5730\u9762\u79ef\u88ab\u57ce\u5e02\u589e\u957f\u63a7\u5236\u6218\u7565\u6240\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u518d\u52a0\u4e0a\u5206\u533a\u5236\uff0c\u5c31\u53ea\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u51cf\u5c11\u57ce\u5e02\u5b9e\u9645\u53ef\u7528\u571f\u5730\u9762\u79ef\u548c\u5efa\u7b51\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u5c45\u4f4f\u533a\u5b9e\u65bd\u7684\u6700\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u5236\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u63a8\u9ad8\u623f\u5c4b\u4ef7\u683c\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4f46\u5728\u5dde\u653f\u5e9c\u201c\u7cbe\u660e\u589e\u957f\u201d\u7b49\u6218\u7565\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\uff0c\u5206\u533a\u5236\u548c\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u5f00\u59cb\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u4e9b\u5f39\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8bf8\u5982\u201c\u6fc0\u52b1\u6027\u5206\u533a\u201d\uff08Incentive Zoning\uff09\u3001\u201c\u7279\u6b8a\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u201d\uff08Special Permits\uff09\u548c\u201c\u6d6e\u52a8\u6027\u5206\u533a\u201d\uff08Floating Zones\uff09\u3001\u201c\u53d1\u5c55\u6743\u8f6c\u79fb\u201d\uff08Transfer of Development Rights\uff09\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6fc0\u52b1\u6027\u5206\u533a\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4f01\u4e1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u627f\u62c5\u5efa\u9020\u5404\u7c7b\u516c\u5171\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u6765\u6362\u53d6\u672c\u533a\u57df\u5185\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u571f\u5730\u5f00\u53d1\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u7b26\u5408\u57ce\u5e02\u7cbe\u660e\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u7279\u6b8a\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u662f\u6307\uff0c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6d3b\u52a8\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u5404\u7c7b\u571f\u5730\u3002\u6d6e\u52a8\u5206\u533a\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5546\u4e1a\u3001\u5c45\u4f4f\u7b49\u591a\u7528\u9014\u6df7\u5408\u5f00\u53d1\u533a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5168\u90e8\u6216\u8005\u591a\u6570\u571f\u5730\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7533\u8bf7\u66f4\u6539\u5206\u533a\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u5148\u7684\u5206\u533a\u89c4\u5212\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u4e8e\u65b0\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3002\u53d1\u5c55\u6743\u8f6c\u79fb\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5e02\u5b9e\u65bd\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u6743\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5f00\u53d1\u571f\u5730\u6240\u5177\u5907\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u7cbe\u660e\u589e\u957f\u201d\u6218\u7565\u4e0b\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u8981\u5bc6\u96c6\u53d1\u5c55\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u4f46\u53d7\u81ea\u8eab\u53d1\u5c55\u6743\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u51fa\u94b1\u8d2d\u4e70\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u6743\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6307\u6807\u201d\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u5728\u5356\u51fa\u53d1\u5c55\u201c\u6307\u6807\u201d\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u627f\u62c5\u8d77\u4e3a\u8d2d\u4e70\u5230\u201c\u6307\u6807\u201d\u7684\u533a\u57df\u4fdd\u62a4\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u3002<\/span>
\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u201c\u589e\u957f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u578b\u201d\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u201c\u7a81\u51fa\u5206\u533a\u89c4\u5212\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5230\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u201c\u5206\u533a\u4e0e\u57ce\u5e02\u589e\u957f\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u6df7\u5408\u578b\u201d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u8054\u90a6\u3001\u5dde\u4ee5\u53ca\u53bf\u3001\u5e02\u3001\u9547\u7b49\u5404\u7ea7\u653f\u5e9c\u5171\u540c\u53c2\u4e0e\u7684\u590d\u6742\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u5957\u4f53\u7cfb\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u8fd0\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7a76\u7adf\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f\u5f53\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u5404\u7c7b\u571f\u5730\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7b49\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5728\u571f\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6f14\u53d8\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c01\u662f\u53d7\u76ca\u8005\u3001\u8c01\u662f\u5229\u76ca\u635f\u5bb3\u8005\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u518d\u5177\u4f53\u9610\u8ff0\u3002\uff08\u4e0a\uff09<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u4f5c\u8005\uff1a\u90b5\u2003\u633a \u00a0\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a\u201c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e4b\u7236\u201d\u7684\u54c8\u8036\u514b\u66fe\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a\u201c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u4e00<\/p>\n
\u9605\u8bfb\u66f4\u591a<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3052,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3071"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3071"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3071\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3052"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3071"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3071"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3071"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
![\"QQ20151026125447\"](\"http:\/\/www.chinado.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/10\/QQ20151026125447.png\")
<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n