{"id":2278,"date":"2015-03-07T16:40:29","date_gmt":"2015-04-07T08:40:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.chinado.cn\/?p=2278"},"modified":"2015-04-07T16:40:29","modified_gmt":"2015-04-07T08:40:29","slug":"%e9%80%82%e5%ba%94%e6%96%b0%e5%b8%b8%e6%80%81%ef%bc%8c%e9%87%8d%e5%a1%91%e5%b7%a5%e4%b8%9a%e7%bb%8f%e6%b5%8e%e5%a2%9e%e9%95%bf%e5%8a%a8%e5%8a%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/?p=2278","title":{"rendered":"\u9002\u5e94\u65b0\u5e38\u6001\uff0c\u91cd\u5851\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u52a8\u529b"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n\t\u4e0d\u540c\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u524d\u666f\u5206\u6790\n<\/p>\n

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Barrow and Xavier Sala-I-Martin\uff0c2004\uff09\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c1980\u5e74\uff0d2011\u5e74TFP\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u5ea6\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4ec5\u4e3a3.5%\uff0c\u4e142004\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u4e00\u76f4\u4e3a\u8d1f\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660eTFP\u5bf9\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u4e0d\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u62c9\u52a8\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u6709\u8d1f\u62c9\u52a8\u3002\u9020\u6210TFP\u8d1f\u589e\u957f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u65e2\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u653e\u7f13\uff0c\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e02\u573a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u5012\u9000\u3002\u515a\u7684\u5341\u516b\u5927\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u8981\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u3001\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u3001\u519c\u4e1a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u540c\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u56db\u5316\u540c\u6b65\u201d\u5c06\u6210\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6218\u7565\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5c06\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7d20\u8d28\u63d0\u5347\u578b\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u7684\u878d\u5408\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u7d20\u8d28\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u897f\u65b9\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u201c\u540e\u53d1\u4f18\u52bf\u201d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u8001\u8def\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u79d1\u6280\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u575a\u6301\u4ee5\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u6539\u9020\u5de5\u4e1a\u5316\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8de8\u8d8a\u5f0f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u57ce\u9547\u5316\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u534f\u8c03\u53d1\u5c55\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4ea7\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u592f\u5b9e\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u7684\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u4e0e\u53bf\u57df\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u53bf\u57df\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u627f\u63a5\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684\u201c\u8179\u5730\u201d\uff0c\u4e1c\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u4f01\u4e1a\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8f6c\u79fb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u4e2d\u897f\u90e8\u7684\u5927\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u5468\u8fb9\u7684\u53bf\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f01\u4e1a\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u548c\u6e20\u9053\uff0c\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u5957\u3002\u53bf\u57df\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5c06\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u57fa\u7840\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u592f\u5b9e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u57ce\u5e02\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u5468\u8fb9\u652f\u6301\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u91cd\u5851\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\u4ece\u201c\u65e7\u5e38\u6001\u201d\u5411\u201c\u65b0\u5e38\u6001\u201d\u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u539f\u6709\u589e\u957f\u65b9\u5f0f\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6062\u590d\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5168\u9762\u7ed3\u6784\u6027\u6539\u9769\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f7b\u5e95\u8f6c\u53d8\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8be5\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u662f\u5168\u9762\u6539\u9769\u4e0e\u7ed3\u6784\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u5fc5\u987b\u8d85\u8d8a\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5b8f\u89c2\u8c03\u63a7\u7406\u8bba\u4e0e\u653f\u7b56\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8d85\u8d8a\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u540e\u5371\u673a\u6cbb\u7406\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u653f\u7b56\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5bf9\u5de5\u4e1a\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5728\u589e\u957f\u52a8\u529b\u673a\u5236\u8f6c\u6362\u4e2d\u5bfb\u6c42\u65b0\u7684\u589e\u957f\u70b9\uff0c\u5c06\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u63a7\u5236\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u533a\u95f4\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u8f83\u5feb\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u8fc7\u5feb\u4e0b\u6ed1\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u51b2\u51fb\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u7ed3\u6784\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb\u8f6c\u578b\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f01\u4e1a\u56fd\u9645\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002
\n1. \u9002\u5ea6\u523a\u6fc0\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u8981\u7d20\u6269\u5f20\u578b\u589e\u957f
\n\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bb2\uff0c\u9700\u6c42\u53d8\u5316\u662f\u9020\u6210\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6ce2\u52a8\u7684\u6839\u672c\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u77ed\u671f\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u901f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u5728\u672a\u6765\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u91cc\uff0c\u8981\u7d20\u6269\u5f20\u578b\u5de5\u4e1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u4ecd\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u901a\u8fc7\u5c0f\u5e45\u5ea6\u3001\u5b9a\u5411\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u523a\u6fc0\uff0c\u7ef4\u6301\u5b8f\u89c2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u4f53\u5236\u6539\u9769\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u8c03\u6574\u8d62\u5f97\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u826f\u597d\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u6295\u8d44\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u5e73\u7a33\u8f83\u5feb\u589e\u957f\u3002\u6295\u8d44\u6548\u76ca\u5305\u62ec\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u548c\u7efc\u5408\u6548\u76ca\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u5747\u662f\u6210\u672c\u548c\u6536\u76ca\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u6295\u8d44\u56de\u62a5\u7387\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u4ec5\u4ec5\u8003\u8651\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6210\u672c\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6536\u76ca\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e02\u573a\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4e2a\u4f53\u7406\u6027\uff1b\u800c\u7efc\u5408\u6548\u76ca\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8003\u8651\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6210\u672c\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6536\u76ca\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u957f\u8fdc\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6c11\u751f\u6539\u5584\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u957f\u8fdc\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u7b49\u591a\u7ef4\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8003\u8651\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u6210\u672c\u548c\u6536\u76ca\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u660e\u5929\u7684\u6210\u672c\u548c\u6536\u76ca\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u662f\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u96c6\u4f53\u7406\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u505a\u51fa\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u5dee\uff0c\u4f46\u793e\u4f1a\u6548\u76ca\u597d\u7684\u6295\u8d44\u9879\u76ee\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5408\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u7b26\u5408\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u793e\u4f1a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4ea7\u4e1a\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u548c\u533a\u57df\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u533a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u6761\u4ef6\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u843d\u540e\uff0c\u4f17\u591a\u6c11\u751f\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6295\u8d44\u624d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u672a\u6765\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u8d44\u4ea7\u6295\u8d44\u589e\u957f\u8fd8\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u4ece\u7efc\u5408\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u51b3\u5b9a\u56fa\u5b9a\u8d44\u4ea7\u6295\u8d44\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u52a0\u5927\u6c11\u751f\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6295\u8d44\uff0c\u628a\u63e1\u597d\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u8282\u594f\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u56fa\u5b9a\u8d44\u4ea7\u6295\u8d44\u7684\u5e73\u7a33\u8f83\u5feb\u589e\u957f\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u53d1\u6325\u5e02\u573a\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5c06\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6548\u76ca\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5e02\u573a\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6295\u8d44\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u623f\u5730\u4ea7\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u884c\u653f\u5e72\u9884\uff0c\u53d1\u6325\u5e02\u573a\u673a\u5236\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6027\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u53d6\u6d88\u9650\u8d2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u4ece\u9700\u6c42\u5c42\u9762\u5bf9\u8d2d\u4e70\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u571f\u5730\u4f9b\u7ed9\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u571f\u5730\u51fa\u8ba9\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u505a\u597d\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u503a\u52a1\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u7ba1\u63a7\uff0c\u4f7f\u623f\u5730\u4ea7\u884c\u4e1a\u8d70\u4e0a\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5316\u53d1\u5c55\u9053\u8def\u3002\u4e09\u662f\u5236\u5b9a\u8fdb\u51fa\u53e3\u8d38\u6613\u4fc3\u8fdb\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u9ad8\u52a0\u5de5\u5ea6\u4ea7\u54c1\u51fa\u53e3\u3002\u964d\u4f4e\u8fdb\u53e3\u5173\u7a0e\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u8fdb\u53e3\u3002\u964d\u4f4e\u8fdb\u53e3\u5173\u7a0e\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d38\u6613\u5e73\u8861\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8d38\u6613\u4e89\u7aef\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5de5\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u4fdd\u969c\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728WTO\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u4e0b\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u51fa\u53e3\u4fe1\u8d37\u3001\u51fa\u53e3\u9000\u7a0e\u3001\u51fa\u53e3\u5956\u52b1\u7b49\u624b\u6bb5\u9f13\u52b1\u9ad8\u52a0\u5de5\u5ea6\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u51fa\u53e3\u3002 $\"\"$ \n<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n2. \u52a0\u5feb\u4f53\u5236\u673a\u5236\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e\u4f18\u5316\u578b\u589e\u957f
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