\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u53d1\u5c55\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u8981\uff1a <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u672c\u6587\u8282\u9009\u81ea\u300a\u5168\u7403\u53d1\u5c55\u62a5\u544a2024\u300b\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u5e94\u575a\u6301\u201c\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u672c\u201d\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u91cd\u7533\u5e76\u606a\u5b88\u514d\u4e8e\u9965\u997f\u548c\u83b7\u5f97\u5145\u8db3\u98df\u7269\u6743\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7740\u773c\u957f\u8fdc\uff0c\u7edf\u7b79\u4fc3\u8fdb\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u6c34\u5e73\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u98df\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u7eff\u8272\u4f4e\u78b3\u8f6c\u578b\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u8981\u5c06\u4fdd\u969c\u98df\u7269\u6743\u76ca\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u51c6\u5219\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u4f5c\u589e\u5f3a\u201c\u5168\u7403\u5357\u65b9\u201d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7cae\u98df\u4f9b\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u521b\u65b0\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u7edf\u7b79\u63a8\u8fdb\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u548c\u63d0\u5347\u519c\u4e1a\u6c14\u5019\u97e7\u6027\uff0c \u5171\u540c\u7ef4\u62a4\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9965\u997f\u548c\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u826f\u662f\u5168\u7403\u5171\u540c\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u7d27\u8feb\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5f53\u524d\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4f9b\u5e94\u5f62\u52bf\u7565\u6709\u597d\u8f6c\uff0c\u4f46\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u5c45\u9ad8\u4e0d\u4e0b\uff0c \u4eba\u5747\u81b3\u98df\u8425\u517b\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\u4e25\u5cfb\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7cae\u98df\u4f9b\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f9d\u7136\u8106\u5f31\u3002\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u51b2\u7a81\u3001\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u6cbb\u7406\u548c\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0d\u8db3\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u4ea4\u7ec7\u53e0\u52a0\uff0c\u52a0\u5267\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u4e0e\u6311\u6218\u3002\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e9f\u987b\u52a0\u5f3a\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u52a1\u5b9e\u4e3e\u63aa\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4f9b\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u6cbb\u7406\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c \u5171\u540c\u7ef4\u62a4\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u4f9d\u7136\u7a81\u51fa<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4f9b\u5e94\u5f62\u52bf\u7565\u6709\u597d\u8f6c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\u3001\u8d38\u6613\u91cf\u3001\u5e93\u5b58\u91cf\u7565\u6709\u589e\u957f\u30022023\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\u9884\u8ba1\u8fbe\u523028.50\u4ebf\u5428\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5e74\u589e\u957f1.3%\uff1b\u6d88\u8d39\u91cf\u9884\u8ba1\u8fbe\u523028.43\u4ebf\u5428\uff0c\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5e74\u589e\u957f1.8%\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4ea7\u91cf\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u91cf\u5927\u81f4\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u7cae\u98df\u8d38\u6613\u91cf\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u4e861730\u4e07\u5428\uff0c\u589e\u957f3 . 5%\uff0c\u8d38\u6613\u91cf\u4e0e\u6d88\u8d39\u91cf\u4e4b\u6bd4\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u4e860.4\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff0c \u4f30\u8ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u6062\u590d\u81f317.5%\u7684\u5e38\u6001\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u4ecd\u5728\u589e\u957f<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u5c45\u9ad8\u4e0d\u4e0b\u30022023\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u9965\u997f\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a7.3\u4ebf\u4eba\uff08\u53c2\u7167\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u53d1\u5c55\u76ee\u68072\u201c\u4e3a\u6d88\u9664\u9965\u997f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u8425\u517b\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u519c\u4e1a\u201d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u201c\u9965\u997f\/\u957f\u671f\u98df\u7269\u4e0d\u8db3\u201d \u548c\u201c\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u8861\u91cf\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u51b5\uff09\uff0c\u5360\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u76849.2%\uff0c\u6bd42019\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u4e861.5\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u5360\u6bd4\u589e\u52a01.6\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff1b\u5168\u7403\u4e2d\u5ea6\u6216\u91cd\u5ea6\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a23.3\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u5360\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u768428.9%\uff0c\u6bd42019\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u7ea63.8\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u5360\u6bd4\u589e\u52a03.9\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\u3002\u6839\u636e\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7cae\u98df\u53ca\u519c\u4e1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7b49\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u6784\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u9884\u8ba12030 \u5e74\u4ecd\u5c06\u6709\u8fd15.82\u4ebf\u9965\u997f\u4eba\u53e3\uff08FAO et al., 2024\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e9a\u975e\u62c9\u5730\u533a\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u30022023\u5e74\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u4e2d\u5ea6\u6216\u91cd\u5ea6\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u4e3a8.47\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u5360\u533a\u57df\u603b\u4eba\u53e3\u768458%\uff0c\u662f\u5168\u7403\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u3002\u62c9\u7f8e\u548c\u52a0\u52d2\u6bd4\u5730\u533a\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e3a28.2%\u3002\u4e9a\u6d32\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e5f\u9ad8\u8fbe24.8%\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5357\u4e9a\u4e2d\u5ea6\u6216\u91cd\u5ea6\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a8.33\u4ebf\u4eba\u3001\u6bd4\u4f8b\u9ad8\u8fbe41.1%\u3002\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u519c\u6751\u9ad8\u4e8e\u57ce\u5e02\u3001\u5973\u6027\u9ad8\u4e8e\u7537\u6027\u3002\u519c\u6751\u5730\u533a\u3001\u57ce\u90ca\u548c\u57ce\u5e02\u5c45\u6c11\u53d7\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u5f71\u54cd\u4eba\u53e3\u5360\u672c\u533a\u57df\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5206\u522b\u4e3a31.9%\u300129.9%\u548c25.5%\uff1b\u5973\u6027\u4e2d\u5ea6\u6216\u91cd\u5ea6\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b\u9ad8\u8fbe30.3%\uff0c \u7537\u6027\u4e3a25.1%\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5168\u7403\u81b3\u98df\u8425\u517b\u4f9b\u5e94\u6c34\u5e73\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u73b0\u8c61\u4e25\u91cd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u7403\u4eba\u5747\u81b3\u98df\u8425\u517b\u4f9b\u5e94\u6c34\u5e73\u533a\u57df\u5dee\u8ddd\u5927\u3002\u6574\u4f53\u4e0a\uff0c\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u5747\u81b3\u98df\u8425\u517b\u4f9b\u5e94\uff08\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u98df\u7269\u6444\u5165\u6ee1\u8db3\u4eba\u4f53\u6240\u9700\u7684\u80fd\u91cf\u3001\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u3001\u8102\u80aa\u7b49\u8425\u517b\u7d20\u3001\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7d20\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4fdd\u62a4\u6027\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u6c34\u5e73\u9ad8\uff0c\u65e5\u5747\u98df\u7269\u80fd\u91cf\u4f9b\u5e94\u5206\u522b\u9ad8\u8fbe3878\u5927\u5361\/\u4eba\u548c3458\u5927\u5361\/\u4eba\uff08\u5927\u5361\u5373\u5343\u5361\uff0c 1\u5343\u5361\u4e3a4185.85\u7126\u8033\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6d32\u4ec5\u4e3a2573\u5927\u5361\/\u4eba\uff0c\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u662f\u975e\u6d32\u76841.5\u500d\uff1b\u4ece\u65e5\u5747\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u4f9b\u5e94\u770b\uff0c\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u4f9b\u5e94\u6c34\u5e73\u5206\u522b\u9ad8\u8fbe123.1\u514b\/\u4eba\u548c112.1\u514b\/\u4eba\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u9ad8\u8017\u7cae\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u6027\u98df\u7269\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6d32\u4ec5\u4e3a66 \u514b\/\u4eba\uff0c\u4e14\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u690d\u7269\u6027\u98df\u7269\uff1b\u4ece\u65e5\u5747\u8102\u80aa\u4f9b\u5e94\u770b\uff0c\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u9ad8\u8fbe176.6\u514b\/\u4eba\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u4ec5\u4e3a57.1\u514b\/\u4eba\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u4e0e\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u5dee\u8ddd\u9ad8\u8fbe119.5\u514b\/\u4eba\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u5dee\u8ddd\u4e3a30.2\u514b\/\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u8db3\u95ee\u9898\u4f9d\u7136\u7a81\u51fa\u30022022\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u67093.9\u4ebf\u4eba\u4f53\u91cd\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c1.48\u4ebf5\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0b\u513f\u7ae5\u56e0\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u8db3\u53d1\u80b2\u8fdf\u7f13\uff0c\u7ea64500\u4e07\u513f\u7ae5\u6d88\u7626\uff08\u53d1\u80b2\u8fdf\u7f13\u662f\u6307\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e74\u9f84\u800c\u8a00\u592a\u77ee\uff0c\u6d88\u7626\u662f\u6307\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8eab\u9ad8\u800c\u8a00\u592a\u7626\uff09\u3002\u8fd1\u4e00\u534a5\u5c81\u4ee5\u4e0b\u513f\u7ae5\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e0e\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u8db3\u6709\u5173\uff08FAO et al., 2024\uff09\u3002\u975e\u6d32\u7b49\u5730\u533a\u5219\u56e0\u98df\u7269\u4f9b\u5e94\u6c34\u5e73\u4f4e\u3001\u98df\u7269\u8425\u517b\u7d20\u6444\u5165\u4e0d\u8db3\u7b49\u9762\u4e34\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e25\u5cfb\u7684\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u826f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u56db\uff09\u6b20\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u4eba\u7fa4\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u8d1f\u62c5\u4e0d\u964d\u53cd\u589e<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u7403\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u6210\u672c\u548c\u53ef\u8d1f\u62c5\u6027\uff08t h e c o s t a n d affordability of a healthy diet\uff0cCoAHD\uff0c\u6307\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u7684\u6210\u672c\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\u80fd\u529b\uff09\u7565\u6709\u597d\u8f6c\u3002\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7cae\u98df\u53ca\u519c\u4e1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c06\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u7684\u53ef\u8d1f\u62c5\u6027\u9608\u503c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u5e73\u5747\u5bb6\u5ead\u652f\u51fa\u768452%\u30022022\u5e74\uff0c \u56fd\u9645\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u6210\u672c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4eba\u65e5\u57473.96\u8d2d\u4e70\u529b\u5e73\u4ef7\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e8e2.15\u8d2d\u4e70\u529b\u5e73\u4ef7\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u8d2b\u56f0\u7ebf\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u4ee5\u6b64\u8861\u91cf\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u65e0\u529b\u8d1f\u62c5\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u4e3a28.26\u4ebf\u4eba\uff0c\u5360\u6bd4\u8fbe35.4%\uff0c\u4e0e2019\u5e74\u57fa\u672c\u6301\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6b20\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u8d1f\u62c5\u6709\u6240\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fdb\u5c55\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\uff0c2022\u5e74\uff0c\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6536\u5165\u548c\u9ad8\u6536\u5165\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u65e0\u529b\u8d1f\u62c5\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u5df2\u964d\u81f3\u75ab\u60c5\u524d\u6c34\u5e73\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e2d\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u548c\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4f53\u65e0\u529b\u8d1f\u62c5\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u8f832019\u5e74\u6709\u6240\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u5730\u533a\u65e0\u529b\u8d1f\u62c5\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u7684\u4eba\u53e3\u6570\u91cf\u6bd42019\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u4e867340\u4e07\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u51b2\u7a81\u6270\u4e71\u7cae\u98df\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u3002\u6d77\u8fd0\u901a\u9053\u548c\u9646\u8def\u4ea4\u901a\u662f\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u7269\u6d41\u8fd0\u8f93\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c34\u8def\u5360\u6bd4\u4e3a59%\u3001\u516c\u8def\u4e3a31%\u3001\u94c1\u8def\u4e3a9.9%\u3001\u822a\u7a7a\u4e3a0.16%\uff08FSIN and GNAFC, 2024\uff09\u3002\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u51b2\u7a81\u65e2\u6270\u4e71\u4e86\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u4e5f\u5bf9\u56fd\u9645\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u7269\u6d41\u9020\u6210\u4e25\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u963b\u788d\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u6551\u6d4e\u7269\u8d44\u8fd0\u8f93\u5230\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u533a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7ea2\u6d77\u5371\u673a\u7206\u53d1\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u8d38\u6613\u88ab\u6270\u4e71\uff0c\u6b27\u76df\u548c\u9ed1\u6d77\u5730\u533a\u7684\u7cae\u98df\u7ecf\u7ea2\u6d77\u51fa\u53e3\u81f3\u4e9a\u6d32\u548c\u4e1c\u975e\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7cae\u98df\u8fd0\u8f93\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u7cae\u98df\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u6027\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\uff0c\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u5e02\u573a\u5bf9\u5c40\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u5f71\u54cd\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u7fa4\u98df\u7269\u8d1f\u62c5\u80fd\u529b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u7403\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e2d\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u95ee\u9898\u4e25\u91cd\u3002\u5168\u7403\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4ef7\u683c\u6307\u6570\u4ece2022\u5e74\u76848%\u9ad8\u4f4d\u4e0b\u964d\u81f32023 \u5e74\u76845.8%\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u9ad8\u4e8e\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\u524d2017\u20142019\u5e743.3%\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6c34\u5e73\u30022023\u5e74\uff0c\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684166\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u670993\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u7387\u4ecd\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u5e73\u5747\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u7387\uff0c\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c\u4e2d\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u7387\u4ecd\u7136\u5c45\u9ad8\u4e0d\u4e0b\uff0c \u5206\u522b\u9ad8\u8fbe9.9%\u548c7.1%\uff08\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5f15\u81ea\u56fd\u9645\u8d27\u5e01\u57fa\u91d1\u7ec4\u7ec7\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u878d\u7edf\u8ba1\u300b\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u68b3\u7406\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u98df\u7269\u4ef7\u683c\u4e0a\u6da8\u548c\u6536\u5165\u4e0b\u964d\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u7fa4\u98df\u7269\u8d1f\u62c5\u80fd\u529b\u30022022\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u6bcf\u4eba\u65e5\u5747\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u83b7\u53d6\u6210\u672c\u8f832019\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u4e860.71\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c3\u5e74\u589e\u957f\u4e8621.85%\uff1b\u5357\u4e9a\u3001\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u4ee5\u5357\u975e\u6d32\u548c\u5357\u7f8e\u6d32\u7684\u6bcf\u4eba\u65e5\u5747\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u83b7\u53d6\u6210\u672c\u5206\u522b\u589e\u52a0\u4e860.83\u7f8e\u5143\u30010.69\u7f8e\u5143\u548c0.77\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u589e\u957f\u4e8624.06%\u300122.70%\u300121.88%\uff1b\u901a\u8d27\u81a8\u80c0\u3001\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u4e2d\u65ad\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u56e0\u7d20\u4f7f\u7cae\u98df\u91c7\u8d2d\u6210\u672c\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u4e0a\u6da8\u4e8639%\uff08\u4e16\u754c\u7cae\u98df\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\uff0c2023\uff09\uff1b\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u4ef7\u683c\u91cd\u5ea6\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\u9ad8\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ece11.5%\u63d0\u9ad8\u81f319.5%\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u4eba\u7fa4\u5c31\u4e1a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u6536\u5165\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u98df\u7269\u8d1f\u62c5\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u51cf\u5c11\u98df\u7269\u9700\u6c42\u53ca\u8425\u517b\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u98df\u7269\u6d88\u8d39\uff0c\u98df\u7269\u6d88\u8d39\u7ed3\u6784\u964d\u7ea7\u98ce\u9669\u589e\u5927\uff0c\u5c06\u957f\u671f\u5f71\u54cd\u5065\u5eb7\uff08David Laborde et al., 2021\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u52a0\u5267\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u8106\u5f31\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u4e25\u91cd\u51b2\u51fb\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u5bfc\u81f4\u6781\u7aef\u5929\u6c14\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9891\u53d1\uff0c\u7ed9\u5168\u7403\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u6d41\u901a\u5e26\u6765\u51b2\u51fb\u30021960\u20142023 \u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5e72\u65f1\u3001\u6d2a\u6c34\u3001\u6781\u7aef\u5929\u6c14\u7b49\u91cd\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u707e\u5bb3\u53d1\u751f\u9891\u6b21\u548c\u5f3a\u5ea6\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\u30022023\u5e74\uff0c\u6781\u7aef\u5929\u6c14\u4e8b\u4ef6\u662f\u5bfc\u81f418\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d85\u8fc77700\u4e07\u4eba\u9762\u4e34\u4e25\u91cd\u7a81\u53d1\u6027\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6bd42022\u5e74\u589e\u52a0\u4e866\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb62000\u4e07\u4eba\uff08FSIN and GNAFC, 2024\uff09\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5347\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u6269\u5927\u519c\u4e1a\u79cd\u690d\u8fb9\u754c\u3001\u7f29\u77ed\u4f5c\u7269\u751f\u80b2\u671f\u3001\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5c40\u90e8\u5730\u533a\u7cae\u98df\u589e\u4ea7\u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u6c14\u6e29\u6ce2\u52a8\u8fc7\u5927\u3001\u5f3a\u964d\u96e8\u548c\u533a\u57df\u5e72\u65f1\u5f3a\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7\u690d\u7269\u548c\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u627f\u53d7\u6781\u9650\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u52a9\u957f\u52a8\u690d\u7269\u6709\u5bb3\u751f\u7269\u548c\u75ab\u75c5\u8de8\u5883\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u65f1\u6d9d\u4ea4\u66ff\u7b49\u6c14\u8c61\u707e\u5bb3\u7684\u9891\u7387\u3001\u8303\u56f4\u548c\u5371\u5bb3\u7a0b\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u571f\u58e4\u4fb5\u8680\u7b49\u519c\u7530\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u9000\u5316\u95ee\u9898\uff08IPCC, 2023\uff09\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u9002\u5e94\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6e29\u5ea6\u5f02\u5e38\u63d0\u5347\u4f7f\u4e2d\u5ea6\u6216\u91cd\u5ea6\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u4eba\u53e3\u6bd4\u4f8b2 0 1 4 \u2014 2 0 1 9 \u5e74\u4ece1.58%\u63d0\u9ad8\u52302.14%\uff0c\u975e\u6d32\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u66f4\u5927\uff08Dasgupta and Robinson, 2022\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u4e0e\u5730\u7403\u5708\u3001\u4eba\u7c7b\u5708\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5708\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5f71\u54cd\u7cae\u98df\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c \u53d7\u4eba\u7c7b\u6d3b\u52a8\u5f71\u54cd\u76849\u9879\u6307\u6807\u4e2d\u67096\u9879\u5df2\u7ecf\u8d85\u8fc7\u201c\u5730\u7403\u9650\u5ea6\u201d \uff08planetary boundaries\uff09\uff0c \u5176\u4e2d4\u9879\u4e0e\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u7cae\u98df\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u519c\u7530\u7cfb\u7edf\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u571f\u5730\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u81ea\u7136\u666f\u89c2\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8\uff0c \u5982\u6797\u5730\u9762\u79ef\u51cf\u5c11\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u4eba\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6de1\u6c34\u8d44\u6e90\u4e2d\u84dd\u6c34\u548c\u7eff\u6c34\uff08\u84dd\u6c34\u6307\u5730\u8868\u548c\u5730\u4e0b\u6c34\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u770b\u5f97\u89c1\u7684\u6c34\uff1b\u7eff\u6c34\u6307\u690d\u7269\u53ef\u7528\u6c34\uff0c \u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u6c34\uff09\u5e72\u6270\u7a0b\u5ea6\u589e\u52a0\uff1b\u4e09\u662f\u751f\u7269\u9057\u4f20\u591a\u6837\u6027\u4e27\u5931\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u7684\u4e0b\u964d\uff1b \u56db\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u519c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u6c2e\u78f7\u8fc7\u91cf\u5bfc\u81f4\u73af\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5730\u7403\u5faa\u73af\u7b49\uff08Katherine Richardson et al., 2023\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u56db\uff09\u73b0\u4ee3\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u9886\u57df\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0d\u8db3\u5236\u7ea6\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u63d0\u5347<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u7403\u519c\u4e1a\u5168\u8981\u7d20\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u589e\u901f\u653e\u7f13\u4e14\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u201c\u9e3f\u6c9f\u201d\u6269\u5927\u30022011\u20142021\u5e74\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u5168\u8981\u7d20\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4ec5\u4e3a1.14%\uff0c\u6bd421\u4e16\u7eaa\u593410\u5e74\u7684\u589e\u901f\u964d\u4f4e0.79\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f4e\u4e8e\u52302050\u5e74\u6ee1\u8db3\u98df\u7269\u9700\u6c42\u76ee\u6807\u6240\u9700\u8981\u76841.73%\u7684\u5168\u8981\u7d20\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u589e\u901f\u3002\u4ece\u8c37\u7269\u5355\u4ea7\u589e\u901f\u770b\uff0c 1961\u20142022\u5e74\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u8c37\u7269\u5355\u4ea7\u5e74\u5747\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e3a3.4%\uff0c\u5317\u7f8e\u6d32\u59cb\u7ec8\u4fdd\u6301\u5168\u7403\u6700\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e733.7%\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6d32\u957f\u671f\u5904\u4e8e\u5168\u7403\u4f4e\u4f4d1.9%\u3002\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u53d1\u5c55\u666e\u904d\u7531\u8d44\u6e90\u578b\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4e3b\u5bfc\u578b\u4ea7\u4e1a\uff0c\u800c\u591a\u6570\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u8f6c\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u7387\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\uff08\u8ba9\u00b7\u5fb7\u96f7\u5179 \u7b49\uff0c 2006\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u73b0\u4ee3\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u521b\u65b0\u5f00\u653e\u5408\u4f5c\u4e0d\u591f\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u57fa\u4e8e\u5148\u53d1\u4f18\u52bf\u4ee5\u53ca\u957f\u671f\u7684\u4eba\u529b\u8d44\u672c\u79ef\u7d2f\u548c\u79d1\u6280\u6295\u5165\uff08\u8212\u5c14\u8328\uff0c 2021\uff09\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e3b\u5bfc\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u80b2\u79cd\u3001\u519c\u4e1a\u673a\u68b0\u53ca\u914d\u5957\u88c5\u5907\u3001\u667a\u6167\u519c\u4e1a\u6c14\u5019\u5e94\u5bf9\u3001\u751f\u7269\u80a5\u6599\u3001\u751f\u7269\u519c\u836f\u7b49\u524d\u6cbf\u9886\u57df\u548c\u5173\u952e\u73af\u8282\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u3001\u4e13\u5229\u3002\u4f46\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u6280\u672f\u8f6c\u5316\u3001\u8f6c\u79fb\u5e94\u7528\u8f83\u5c11\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u5206\u4eab\u529b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u4eba\u624d\u8de8\u56fd\u5408\u4f5c\u4ea4\u6d41\u4e0d\u7545\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u5e02\u573a\u5b9a\u4ef7\u8fc7\u9ad8\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u7814\u53d1\u6295\u8d44\u4e0d\u8db3\uff08\u901f\u6c34\u4f51\u6b21\u90ce \u7b49\uff0c2014\uff09\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u9002\u5b9c\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u6280\u672f\u548c\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u7814\u53d1\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73af\u5883\uff08Ortiz-Bobea etal., 2021\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6539\u5584\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73af\u5883\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u6cbb\u7406\u673a\u5236\u6709\u6548\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u6cbb\u7406\u673a\u5236\u4e4f\u529b\u3002\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u7cae\u98df\u53ca\u519c\u4e1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u57fa\u91d1\u3001\u4e16\u754c\u7cae\u98df\u8ba1\u5212\u7f72\u7b49\u662f\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6709\u5173\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u6784\u3002\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u201c\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u548c\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u5e94\u5bf9\u5c0f\u7ec4\u201d\uff0c\u533a\u57df\u3001\u591a\u8fb9\u673a\u5236\u5982\u4e8c\u5341\u56fd\u96c6\u56e2\u3001\u4e9a\u592a\u7ecf\u5408\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u4e03\u56fd\u96c6\u56e2\u7b49\uff0c \u4e5f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u5173\u6ce8\u98df\u7269\u4e3b\u6743\u3001\u519c\u4e1a\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u7cae\u98df\u8d38\u6613\u3001\u98df\u7269\u63f4\u52a9\u7b49\u8bae\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u5bf9\u7ef4\u62a4\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u4e5f\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u79ef\u6781\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4f46\u533a\u57df\u3001\u591a\u8fb9\u673a\u5236\u4e0b\u4e0d\u540c\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u673a\u6784\u7b49\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u6cbb\u7406\u7684\u7acb\u573a\u3001\u8bae\u9898\u91cd\u70b9\u548c\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u3001\u7edf\u7b79\u534f\u540c\u4e0d\u591f\uff08\u674e\u5148\u5fb7 \u7b49\uff0c 2022\uff09\uff0c\u5404\u7c7b\u5cf0\u4f1a\u4e5f\u662f\u5ba3\u8a00\u548c\u627f\u8bfa\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u5207\u5b9e\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u4e3e\u63aa\u8f83\u5c11\uff08Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe, 2023\uff09\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u7cae\u98df\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u53d1\u5c55\u63f4\u52a9\u6295\u5165\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u6cbb\u7406\u672a\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u56de\u5e94\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6700\u8feb\u5207\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5168\u7403\u519c\u4e1a\u548c\u7cae\u98df\u8d38\u6613\u6cbb\u7406\u89c4\u5219\u6709\u5f85\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u4e00\u662f\u7cae\u98df\u8d38\u6613\u653f\u7b56\u201c\u5de5\u5177\u5316\u201d\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u591a\u8fb9\u8d38\u6613\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u7cae\u98df\u51fa\u53e3\u8d38\u6613\u9650\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\u8fdd\u80cc\u4e86\u8d38\u6613\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u3001\u4fbf\u5229\u5316\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6709\u6548\u76d1\u7763\u548c\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u4e8c\u662f\u591a\u8fb9\u8d38\u6613\u4f53\u5236\u4e0b\u519c\u4e1a\u8865\u8d34\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u8d38\u6613\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201c\u9ec4\u7bb1\u201d\u519c\u4e1a\u8865\u8d34\u89c4\u5219\u53d7\u5386\u53f2\u57fa\u671f\u9650\u5236\uff08\u57fa\u671f\u503c\u4e3a1986\u20141988\u5e743\u5e74\u519c\u4e1a\u8865\u8d34\u5747\u503c\uff09\uff0c\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u519c\u4e1a\u56e0\u5148\u53d1\u4f18\u52bf\u800c\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5927\u8865\u8d34\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u5ea6\uff08Lars Brink and David Orden, 2023\uff09\uff0c\u540e\u53d1\u56fd\u5bb6\u4fc3\u8fdb\u672c\u56fd\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u3001\u4fdd\u969c\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u8865\u8d34\u548c\u652f\u6301\u63aa\u65bd\u5219\u53d7\u5230\u73b0\u884c\u591a\u8fb9\u8d38\u6613\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u521a\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\uff08\u97e9\u6768\uff0c 2021\uff09\uff0c\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d7\u963b\u3002\u4e09\u662f\u591a\u8fb9\u8d38\u6613\u4f53\u5236\u4e0b\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u516c\u5171\u50a8\u5907\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5584\u3002\u591a\u8fb9\u8d38\u6613\u89c4\u5219\u5141\u8bb8\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u6309\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u683c\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4ef7\u683c\u65e0\u9650\u989d\u8d2d\u4e70\u548c\u50a8\u5907\u7cae\u98df\uff0c \u8d4b\u4e88\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u8c41\u514d\u6743\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u76f4\u672a\u8fbe\u6210\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5408\u4f5c\u5e94\u5bf9\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u6311\u6218<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u9762\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u5e94\u575a\u6301\u201c\u4ee5\u4eba\u4e3a\u672c\u201d\u7406\u5ff5\u548c\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u201d\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c\u91cd\u7533\u5e76\u606a\u5b88\u514d\u4e8e\u9965\u997f\u548c\u83b7\u5f97\u5145\u8db3\u98df\u7269\u6743\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6743\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7740\u773c\u957f\u8fdc\uff0c\u7edf\u7b79\u4fc3\u8fdb\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u6c34\u5e73\u63d0\u5347\u548c\u519c\u4e1a\u98df\u7269\u7cfb\u7edf\u7eff\u8272\u4f4e\u78b3\u8f6c\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5c06\u4fdd\u969c\u98df\u7269\u6743\u76ca\u4f5c\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u51c6\u5219<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u575a\u6301\u5145\u8db3\u98df\u7269\u6743\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6743\u3002\u5e94\u51dd\u805a\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u300a\u4e16\u754c\u4eba\u6743\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff081948 \u5e74\uff09\u3001\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u53ca\u6587\u5316\u6743\u5229\u56fd\u9645\u516c\u7ea6\u300b\uff081966\u5e74\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u652f\u6301\u5728\u56fd\u5bb6\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u9010\u6b65\u5b9e\u73b0\u5145\u8db3\u98df\u7269\u6743\u7684\u81ea\u613f\u51c6\u5219\u300b\uff082004\u5e74\uff09\u7b49\u8fbe\u6210\u7684\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u4ece\u57fa\u672c\u4eba\u6743\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6765\u5bf9\u5f85\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u9965\u997f\u4e0e\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u51cf\u5c11\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u51b2\u7a81\u5bf9\u5145\u8db3\u98df\u7269\u6743\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u660e\u786e\u7cae\u98df\u662f\u8c41\u514d\u4e8e\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u56fd\u9645\u51b2\u7a81\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u5546\u54c1\u548c\u516c\u5171\u54c1\u3002\u52aa\u529b\u786e\u4fdd\u5168\u7403\u7cae\u98df\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u8d38\u6613\u3001\u6e2f\u53e3\u3001\u7801\u5934\u7b49\u7269\u6d41\u548c\u5404\u7c7b\u8fd0\u8f93\u7b49\u4f9b\u5e94\u94fe\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u53ca\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u7d27\u6025\u7cae\u98df\u63f4\u52a9\uff0c\u628a\u5987\u5973\u3001\u513f\u7ae5\u7b49\u5f31\u52bf\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u98df\u7269\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u8425\u517b\u4e0d\u826f\u95ee\u9898\u653e\u5728\u9996\u8981\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u52aa\u529b\u904f\u5236\u53d1\u751f\u91cd\u5927\u7cae\u98df\u5371\u673a\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5408\u4f5c\u589e\u5f3a\u201c\u5168\u7403\u5357\u65b9\u201d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7cae\u98df\u4f9b\u5e94\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u63d0\u5347\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u519c\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5357\u5317\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u5357\u5357\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u4e09\u65b9\u5408\u4f5c\u3001\u516c\u79c1\u5408\u8425\u7b49\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u519c\u7530\u9053\u8def\u3001\u6c34\u5229\u704c\u6e89\u3001\u4ea7\u5730\u9500\u5730\u519c\u4ea7\u54c1\u6d41\u901a\u7b49\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5efa\u8bbe\u5408\u4f5c\uff1b\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5316\u80a5\u3001\u519c\u836f\u7b49\u6295\u5165\u54c1\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\uff1b\u56e0\u5730\u5236\u5b9c\u7740\u529b\u63a8\u52a8\u5927\u4e2d\u578b\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u3001\u590d\u5408\u578b\u519c\u4e1a\u673a\u68b0\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u5c0f\u578b\u519c\u673a\u5177\u53ca\u914d\u5957\u5de5\u5177\u4f7f\u7528\uff1b\u6295\u8d44\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u8986\u76d6\u52a0\u5de5\u3001\u8fd0\u8f93\u3001\u7269\u6d41\u7b49\u5168\u4ea7\u4e1a\u94fe\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u5b8c\u5584\u519c\u4e1a\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u52a0\u5f3a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e02\u573a\u3001\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u4fdd\u969c\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6709\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ef\u589e\u5f3a\u7cae\u98df\u50a8\u5907\u8c03\u63a7\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u6536\u83b7\u3001\u4ea7\u540e\u52a0\u5de5\u73af\u8282\u7684\u8282\u7cae\u51cf\u635f\uff1b\u521b\u5efa\u7cae\u98df\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u63f4\u52a9\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u5371\u673a\u53d1\u751f\u6982\u7387\uff1b\u589e\u52a0\u519c\u4e1a\u7ecf\u8425\u548c\u975e\u519c\u5c31\u4e1a\u6536\u5165\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5bf9\u5065\u5eb7\u81b3\u98df\u8d1f\u62c5\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u6269\u5927\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u521b\u65b0\u5408\u4f5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e0d\u540c\u5229\u76ca\u6538\u5173\u65b9\u7684\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u652f\u6301\u56fd\u9645\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u90e8\u95e8\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u4f53\u5f00\u5c55\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u6280\u521b\u65b0\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u9f13\u52b1\u5728\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5efa\u7acb\u8054\u5408\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6216\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u5f53\u5730\u519c\u4e1a\u751f\u6001\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5f00\u5c55\u9002\u5b9c\u4f5c\u7269\u7684\u79cd\u5b50\u7814\u53d1\u3001\u54c1\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3001\u5236\u79cd\u9ad8\u4ea7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7b49\u7efc\u5408\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5408\u4f5c\u63a2\u7d22\u73b0\u4ee3\u519c\u4e1a\u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7f29\u5c0f\u79d1\u5b66\u4ea7\u91cf\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u4ea7\u91cf\u5dee\u8ddd\uff08Cole etal., 2018\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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