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\u79c1\u4eba\u8d44\u672c\u8d44\u91d1\u4ece\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5927\u5e45\u5feb\u901f\u6d41\u51fa\u3002\u4e3b\u6743\u503a\u5238\u6301\u6709\u4eba\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u94f6\u884c\u7b49\u4ee5\u6536\u56de\u672c\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e24\u5e74\u5185\u4ece\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u51c0\u8f6c\u79fb\u8d44\u91d1\u8d853000 \u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u30022022\u5e74\u548c2023\u5e74\uff0c\u79c1\u4eba\u8d44\u672c\u56de\u6d41\u8d44\u91d1\u5206\u522b\u7ea6\u4e3a1250 \u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u548c1930\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff08H o m i Kharas et al., 2024\uff09\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u5e02\u573a\u4e0a\u878d\u8d44\u8fd1\u4e4e\u9677\u5165\u505c\u6ede\u3002\u8fd1\u4e24\u5e74\uff0c\u7ea620%\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u5e02\u573a\u56fd\u5bb6\u96be\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u878d\u5e02\u573a\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u878d\u8d44\u652f\u6301\uff08IMF, 2023a\uff09\uff0c\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e3a2019\u5e74\u76843\u500d\u30022023\u5e74\u6492\u54c8\u62c9\u4ee5\u5357\u975e\u6d32\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u5bb6\u65b0\u53d1\u503a\u5238\uff0c\u672a\u4ece\u56fd\u9645\u8d44\u672c\u5e02\u573a\u7b79\u63aa\u8d44\u91d1\uff0c\u4e3a2008\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u9996\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5168\u7403\u53d1\u5c55\u878d\u8d44\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u6548\u6027\u6b20\u4f73<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u53d1\u5c55\u63f4\u52a9\u8d44\u91d1\u53d7\u5230\u6324\u5360\u3002\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u5927\u91cf\u63f4\u52a9\u8d44\u91d1\u6d41\u5165\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u7d27\u6025\u6551\u52a9\u548c\u5e94\u5bf9\u5730\u533a\u51b2\u7a81\u5371\u673a\u7b49\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e03\u56fd\u96c6\u56e2\u548c\u6b27\u76df\u673a\u6784\u6d41\u5411\u6781\u7aef\u8d2b\u56f0\u4eba\u53e3\u6700\u96c6\u4e2d\u3001\u8d2b\u56f0\u53d1\u751f\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u975e\u6d32\u5730\u533a\u7684\u63f4\u52a9\u8d44\u91d1\u5360\u6bd4\u4e3a30\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u65b0\u4f4e\u3002\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u53d7\u63f4\u56fd\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u63f4\u52a9\u8d44\u91d1\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u53d1\u5c55\u63f4\u52a9\u8d44\u91d1\u591a\u6570\u7531\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u3001\u591a\u8fb9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ba1\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c \u6216\u88ab\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u9014\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7ecf\u5408\u7ec4\u7ec7\u53d1\u5c55\u63f4\u52a9\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u5bf9\u591a\u8fb9\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u9014\u6350\u6b3e\u5360\u6350\u6b3e\u603b\u989d\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ece2011\u5e74\u768430%\u589e\u81f32021\u5e74\u768437%\uff08Development Initiatives, 2023\uff09\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u63f4\u52a9\u56fd\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u5f00\u59cb\u63a8\u52a8\u201c\u672c\u5730\u5316\u201d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u6709\u4e09\u6210\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u771f\u6b63\u7531\u53d7\u63f4\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u8005\u5f53\u5730\u673a\u6784\u7ba1\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\uff08E u a n Ritchie et al., 2024\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4f20\u7edf\u63f4\u52a9\u8d44\u91d1\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u975e\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u53cc\u8fb9\u63f4\u52a9\u8d44\u91d1\u5bf9\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u90e8\u95e8\u6295\u5165\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c \u975e\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u9886\u57df\u63f4\u52a9\u5360\u6bd4\u589e\u957f\u8f83\u5927\u3002\u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u7b49\u4f20\u7edf\u591a\u8fb9\u5f00\u53d1\u94f6\u884c\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u9886\u57df\u652f\u6301\u9010\u6e10\u51cf\u5c11\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\u5de6\u53f3\u66fe\u5c0670%\u7684\u8d37\u6b3e\u7528\u4e8e\u80fd\u6e90\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u7b49\u751f\u4ea7\u6027\u9886\u57df\uff0c \u4f46\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u8be5\u6bd4\u91cd\u5df2\u51cf\u81f320%\u4ee5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e14\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u516c\u5171\u884c\u653f\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u7b49\u4f20\u7edf\u591a\u8fb9\u5f00\u53d1\u94f6\u884c\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u4f18\u60e0\u5ea6\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u4ee5\u4e16\u754c\u94f6\u884c\u4e3a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u591a\u8fb9\u5f00\u53d1\u94f6\u884c\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u672a\u5f00\u5c55\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u589e\u8d44\uff0c\u4e3a\u6269\u5927\u878d\u8d44\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4f18\u60e0\u8d44\u91d1\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u8d60\u6b3e\u548c\u4f4e\u606f\u8d37\u6b3e\uff09\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u3002\u4f18\u60e0\u8d44\u91d1\u5360\u591a\u8fb9\u5f00\u53d1\u94f6\u884c\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u878d\u8d44\u603b\u989d\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4ece2004\u5e74\u768435%\u964d\u81f32022\u5e74\u768413%\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u507f\u503a\u6210\u672c\uff08UNDESA, 2024\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u9762\u4e34\u503a\u52a1\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u538b\u529b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u9677\u5165\u503a\u52a1\u56f0\u5883\u3002\u53d7\u65b0\u51a0\u75ab\u60c5\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u590d\u82cf\u4e4f\u529b\u3001\u5730\u7f18\u653f\u6cbb\u51b2\u7a81\u3001\u80fd\u6e90\u548c\u7cae\u98df\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u591a\u91cd\u5371\u673a\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u503a\u52a1\u8106\u5f31\u6027\u52a0\u5267\u3002\u622a\u81f32023\u5e749\u6708\uff0c\u7ea6\u670960%\u7684\u4f4e\u6536\u5165\u56fd\u5bb6\u548c25%\u7684\u65b0\u5174\u5e02\u573a\u56fd\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u6216\u53ef\u80fd\u9677\u5165\u503a\u52a1\u56f0\u5883\uff08IMF, 2023b\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u507f\u503a\u8d1f\u62c5\u9762\u4e34\u4e25\u5cfb\u6311\u6218\u3002\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6709\u5173\u62a5\u544a\u5206\u6790\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u516c\u5171\u503a\u52a1\u7684\u589e\u957f\u901f\u5ea6\u662f\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u76842\u500d\uff08UNDESA, 2024\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u503a\u52a1\u8fdd\u7ea6\u6709\u671b\u907f\u514d\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\u4e0b\uff0c \u5f53\u524d\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u672a\u51fa\u73b0\u6b64\u524d\u9884\u8ba1\u7684\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8fdd\u7ea6\u60c5\u5f62\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u573a\u91cd\u5927\u503a\u52a1\u5371\u673a\u7684\u5e7d\u7075\u6b63\u5728\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u9000\uff08Paris Club, 2024\uff09\uff0c \u4ec5\u67094\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7533\u8bf7\u4e8c\u5341\u56fd\u96c6\u56e2\u300a\u7f13\u503a\u5021\u8bae\u540e\u7eed\u503a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u5171\u540c\u6846\u67b6\u300b\u4e0b\u7684\u503a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u3002\u8fd1\u671f\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u503a\u52a1\u5f62\u52bf\u4e5f\u5448\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u79ef\u6781\u4fe1\u53f7\uff08George et al., 2024\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u4e8c\u5341\u56fd\u96c6\u56e2\u300a\u7f13\u503a\u5021\u8bae\u540e\u7eed\u503a\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u5171\u540c\u6846\u67b6\u300b\u4e0b\u8d5e\u6bd4\u4e9a\u548c\u52a0\u7eb3\u4e2a\u6848\u5904\u7406\u53d6\u5f97\u4e00\u4e9b\u79ef\u6781\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5168\u7403\u5229\u7387\u5468\u671f\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230\u62d0\u70b9\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u538b\u529b\u4e0a\u5347\u3002\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u9762\u4e34\u8d44\u91d1\u6301\u7eed\u6d41\u51fa\u538b\u529b\u30022022\u5e74\uff0c \u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u51c0\u8f6c\u79fb\u8d44\u91d1\u964d\u81f32008\u5e74\u56fd\u9645\u91d1\u878d\u5371\u673a\u4ee5\u6765\u6700\u4f4e\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u51c0\u8f6c\u79fb\u8d44\u91d1\u4ece2014\u5e74\u7684\u5cf0\u503c2250 \u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u4e0b\u964d\u52302022\u5e74\u7684540\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff08Sara Harcourt et al., 2024\uff09\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u670926\u4e2a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u51c0\u8f6c\u79fb\u8d44\u91d1\u4e3a\u8d1f\u503c\u3002\u82e5\u878d\u8d44\u6d41\u91cf\u65e0\u6cd5\u5f97\u5230\u663e\u8457\u6539\u5584\uff0c \u9884\u8ba1\u52302025\u5e74\uff0c\u51c0\u8f6c\u79fb\u8d44\u91d1\u4e3a\u8d1f\u503c\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u603b\u6570\u5c06\u589e\u81f344\u4e2a\uff0c \u51c0\u6d41\u51fa\u8d44\u91d1\u603b\u989d\u5c06\u8fbe1020\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u5982\u4e0d\u53ca\u65f6\u59a5\u5584\u5e94\u5bf9\uff0c\u5219\u90e8\u5206\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u6d41\u52a8\u6027\u538b\u529b\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u503a\u52a1\u8fdd\u7ea6\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u591a\u91cd\u56e0\u7d20\u9020\u6210\u5168\u7403\u53d1\u5c55\u878d\u8d44\u56f0\u5883<\/p>\n\n\n\n
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