﻿{"id":13089,"date":"2022-06-19T15:29:40","date_gmt":"2022-06-19T07:29:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/?p=13089"},"modified":"2022-06-19T15:29:40","modified_gmt":"2022-06-19T07:29:40","slug":"%e4%b8%ad%e7%ad%89%e5%9b%bd%e5%ae%b6%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9a%e6%80%a7%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%9a%e4%bd%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cdo.develpress.com\/?p=13089","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u5b9a\u4f4d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-indent:2em;\" class=\"p1\">\u859b \u529b \u9648\u5029\u6587<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent:2em;\" class=\"p1\">\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c 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style=\"text-indent:2em;\" class=\"p1\">\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u504f\u5411\u4e8e\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5316\u3002\u5982\u7ea6\u7ff0<span class=\"s1\">\u00b7<\/span>\u96f7\u6587\u5e0c\u5c14\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7efc\u5408\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e76\u7528\u201c<span class=\"s2\">5C<\/span>\u201d \u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c 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style=\"text-indent:2em;\" class=\"p1\">\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u62c9\u7f8e\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u504f\u5411\u4ece\u53d1\u8fbe\u56fd\u5bb6\u2014\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\u5f85\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c \u5982\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u5b66\u8005\u5188\u8428\u96f7\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c \u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7efc\u5408\u6027\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u547d\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u73b0\u8c61\u6216\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u8fdb\u800c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5224\u65ad\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\uff1a\uff08<span class=\"s1\">1<\/span>\uff09\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u529b\u91cf\u683c\u5c40\u4e2d\u5c45\u4e2d\u95f4\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u5e76\u6307\u51fa\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u5c45\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u90fd\u5728\u6b64\u5217\uff0c\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u53d1\u5c55\u8f83\u5feb\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u589e\u957f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\uff08<span class=\"s1\">2<\/span>\uff09\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u5916\u653f\u7b56\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u52a8\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3001\u519b\u4e8b\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\uff08<span class=\"s1\">3<\/span>\uff09\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u53c2\u52a0\u56fd\u9645\u6d3b\u52a8\u9886\u57df\u548c\u662f\u5426\u91c7\u53d6\u79ef\u6781\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c 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class=\"p3\">\u65e9\u671f\u7814\u7a76\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u62e5\u6709\u4e2d\u7b49\u6c34\u5e73\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c \u5904\u4e8e\u5927\u56fd\u548c\u5c0f\u56fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u5b9e\u529b\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u4eba\u53e3\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u519b\u4e8b\u529b\u91cf\u3001\u58f0\u671b\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4e4b\u7c7b\u3002\u6709\u5b66\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c \u56fd\u6c11\u751f\u4ea7\u603b\u503c\uff08G N 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class=\"p3\">\u4f46\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u627f\u8ba4\uff0c\u5b9e\u529b\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u5916\u4ea4\u80fd\u529b\u6216\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u4ec5\u51ed\u5b9e\u529b\u5bf9\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u6982\u62ec\u5206\u6790\u8fd8\u662f\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7c97\u7cd9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u8bba\u5b9e\u529b\u4e5f\u662f\u5f53\u4e4b\u65e0\u6127\u7684\u5168\u7403\u6027\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\u5f88\u5c11\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u548c\u5178\u578b\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent:2em;\" class=\"p3\">\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u81ea\u7531\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c6\u91ce\u3002\u8be5\u89c6\u89d2\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ece\u4e00\u56fd\u5bf9\u5916\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u9a6c\u514b<span class=\"s1\">\u00b7<\/span>\u6bd4\u68ee\u7b49\u5b66\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5177\u6709\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u529b\uff08middle sized countries\uff09\u4e14\u5176\u5916\u4ea4\u884c\u4e3a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4f46\u884c\u4e3a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u9677\u5165\u81ea\u6211\u5faa\u73af\u8bba\u8bc1\uff0c\u5373\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u201c\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u884c\u4e3a\u6765\u5224\u5b9a\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u6210\u7acb\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-indent:2em;\" class=\"p3\">\u6709\u7684\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u7406\u8bba\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e8e\u8fd9\u7c7b\u56fd\u5bb6\u80fd\u591f\u53d1\u6325\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c 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class=\"p3\">\u65e5\u672c\u5b66\u8005\u6dfb\u8c37\u82b3\u79c0\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c 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style=\"text-indent:2em;\" class=\"p1\">\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u5efa\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\u89c6\u91ce\u3002\u683c\u96f7\u65af<span class=\"s1\">\u00b7<\/span>\u4f0a\u6587\u65af\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u662f\u201c\u79c9\u6301\u56fd\u9645\u4eba\u9053\u4e3b\u4e49\u800c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u56fd\u9645\u597d\u516c\u6c11\u6765\u884c\u4e8b\u201d\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e5f\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4f46\u6a21\u7cca\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u81ea\u6211\u7f8e\u5316\u4e4b\u5acc\u3002\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e00\u822c\u4f9d\u636e\u5229\u76ca\u800c\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c \u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f8b\u5916\uff0c\u4ee5\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u81ea\u4ece\u4e0a\u4e16\u7eaa<span class=\"s2\">80<\/span>\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u671f\u5373\u5f00\u59cb\u6de1\u5316\u5176\u4f20\u7edf\u201c\u65e0\u79c1\u5229\u201d \u7684\u201c \u4e2d\u7b49\u56fd\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\u201d 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